Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. The quality and comfort of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their production. Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad materials helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven fabric (polypropylene or polyethylene)
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton or bamboo fiber blends

Key properties:
– Soft and comfortable
– Quick-drying
– Hypoallergenic
– Breathable

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most important functional layer that absorbs menstrual flow. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Airlaid paper
– Cotton or rayon fibers

Absorption properties:
– High liquid retention capacity
– Rapid absorption rate
– Good distribution of fluid
– Minimal rewet (keeps surface dry)

### 3. Back Sheet

The bottom layer prevents leakage and provides structural support. Materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous film
– Biodegradable materials (PLA, PBAT)

Important characteristics:
– Waterproof
– Flexible
– Durable
– Some offer breathability

### 4. Adhesive Components

These include:
– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for pad attachment
– Hot melt adhesive for layer bonding
– Release paper for packaging

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

### 1. Organic Cotton

– Natural and chemical-free
– Soft and breathable
– Hypoallergenic properties
– Biodegradable

### 2. Bamboo Fiber

– Naturally antibacterial
– Highly absorbent
– Eco-friendly
– Soft texture

### 3. Charcoal-Infused Layers

– Odor control
– Antibacterial properties
– Additional absorption

### 4. Aloe Vera or Vitamin E Coatings

– Soothing effect
– Skin protection
– Reduces irritation

## Material Safety Considerations

Manufacturers must ensure all materials:

– Are free from harmful chemicals (dioxins, chlorine, pesticides)
– Meet international safety standards
– Are dermatologically tested
– Don’t contain known allergens

## Environmental Impact of Materials

The industry is moving toward more sustainable options:

– Biodegradable materials
– Plant-based plastics
– Chlorine-free bleaching processes
– Reduced SAP content
– Compostable packaging

## Future Material Innovations

Emerging trends include:

– Smart materials that change color for health monitoring
– Nanofiber technology for better absorption
– Fully compostable plant-based materials
– Antibacterial coatings from natural sources

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers choose products that offer comfort, safety, and environmental responsibility while meeting their specific needs.