Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their production. Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad materials helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Cotton or bamboo fiber blends

Key properties:
– Soft and comfortable texture
– Quick-drying surface
– Hypoallergenic materials
– Breathable structure

### 2. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the most crucial part of a sanitary pad, responsible for fluid retention. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Airlaid paper
– Cotton or rayon fibers

Absorption characteristics:
– High liquid absorption capacity
– Fast absorption rate
– Excellent retention under pressure
– Minimal rewet (dry surface feel)

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and provides structural integrity. Materials include:

– Polyethylene or polypropylene films
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials like PLA (polylactic acid)

Important features:
– Liquid-proof barrier
– Flexible yet durable
– Breathable options available
– Some are biodegradable

## Additional Components

### 4. Adhesive Layers

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for panty attachment
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding
– Silicone-based release papers

### 5. Side Barriers

– Raised elastic barriers for leak protection
– Often made from non-woven materials
– May contain superabsorbent edges

## Material Properties and Performance

The combination of these materials determines the pad’s:

– Absorption capacity (measured in grams)
– Comfort level during wear
– Breathability and skin health
– Environmental impact
– Odor control capabilities
– Durability during use

## Emerging Material Trends

Recent developments in sanitary pad materials include:

– Organic cotton options
– Bamboo fiber alternatives
– Biodegradable superabsorbents
– Antimicrobial treatments
– Plant-based plastic alternatives

Understanding these material compositions helps consumers select products that match their needs for comfort, protection, and environmental considerations. Manufacturers continue to innovate with new materials to improve performance while reducing ecological impact.